R Position

Hydraulic pressure is applied to the servo valve to engage the reverse selector with the countershaft reverse gear while the shift lever is in R.
Hydraulic pressure is applied to the 5th clutch, then the 5th clutch engages the mainshaft reverse gear with the mainshaft.
The mainshaft reverse gear drives the countershaft reverse gear via the reverse idler gear.
The countershaft reverse gear drives the countershaft via the reverse selector which drives the reverse selector hub.
The rotation direction of the countershaft is changed by the reverse idler gear.
Power is transmitted to the final drive gear, which in turn drives the final driven gear.
As the final driven gear turns the front differential, power is transmitted through the transfer drive gear to the transfer output shaft that drives the transfer hypoid drive gear/shaft and the transfer output shaft (hypoid gear).

Fig 1: Transmission Power Flow Diagram - R Position

Courtesy of AMERICAN HONDA MOTOR CO., INC.